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A Generation At Risk (adapted
from Rainbows: program for children who suffer a loss through a life altering crisis including death of a parent, divorce
or other separation issue: www.rainbows.org) FACTS WE SHOULD KNOW ABOUT AMERICAN CHILDREN
1 in 2 will live in a single parent family at some point
in childhood 1 in 3 is born to unmarried parents 1 in 4 lives with only one parent 1 in 8 is born to a teenage
mother 1 in 25 lives with neither parent (The State of America's Children, 1998 Yearbook, Children's Defense
Fund) DIVORCE STATISTICS Current
Family Statistics - 2003 68.7% of American
Youth are living in non-traditional families 7 out of 10 - 23.3% living with biological mother (Step-family Association)
- 4.4% living with biological father (Step-family Association)
- 1% Foster Families (U.S. Census Bureau)
- 3.7%
living with non-relatives (U.S. Census Bureau)
- 6.3% living
with grandparents (AARP - U.S. Census Bureau)
- 30% living
in Step-families ** (Step-family Association)
(Note:
This does not include youth impacted by the death of a loved person such as a sibling or grandparent.)
** Per the Step-family Association, there are no current Census stats available
for Step-family statistics. However, a survey conducted in 1995 estimated that 30% of all children are living in either a
step-family or a cohabiting couple. Children of divorced
parents are seven times more likely to suffer from depression in adult life than people of similar age and background whose
parents have not divorced. This Israeli study, indicated that the loss of a parent through divorce is more likely to cause
depression than loss through death. "The earlier the separation occurred, the more likely it was to have had an influence,"
researcher Bernard Lerer said. (Study by Bernard Lerer and Ofer Agid of the Biological Psychiatric Unit at Hadassah
Hospital, Jerusalem, as reported in Molecular Psychiatry, 1999) CUSTODIAL / NON-CUSTODIAL STATISTICS Fathers without visitation or joint custody pay only 44.5% of child support owed, but fathers
with visitation pay 79.1% of child support owed. Fathers with
joint custody pay 90.2% of child support owed. The number
of single-parent homes has skyrocketed, displacing many children in this country. Approximately 30% of U.S. families are
now being headed by a single parent, and in 80% of those families, the mother is the sole parent. The United States is the
world's leader in fatherless families. Father absence contributes
to crime and delinquency. Violent criminals are overwhelmingly males who grew up without fathers. (U.S. Census Bureau
report, "Child Support and Alimony: 1989, released Oct. 11, 1991)
STEP-FAMILY STATISTICS More than a quarter of today's children will live in a step-family
situation.(Nicholas Zill, Child Trends, Washington, D.C.) 16% of all families with children at home live in step-families. (U.S. Census
Bureau) High
divorce and remarriage rates have resulted in about 20% of the children in two-parent households living with one natural
parent and one step parent. (U.S. Census Bureau) Slightly more than 40% of all current marriages are second or third marriages.
(U.S. Census Bureau, 1992)
BEHAVIOR STATISTICS 75% of children/adolescents in chemical dependency hospitals are from single-parent families.
(Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA) 1
out of 5 children have a learning, emotional, or behavioral problem due to the family system changing. (National Center
for Health Statistics) More than one half of all
youths incarcerated for criminal acts lived in one-parent families when they were children. (Children's Defense Fund) Nine million American children face risk factors that may hinder their ability
to become healthy and productive adults. One in seven children deal with at least four of the risk factors, which include
growing up in a single-parent household...The survey also indicated that children confronting several risk factors are more
likely to experience problems with concentration, communication, and health. (1999 Kids Count Survey - Annie E. Casey
Foundation)
SUICIDE STATISTICS Every 78 seconds a teen attempts suicide - every
90 seconds they succeed. (National Center for Health Statistics) 63% of suicides are individuals from single parent families (FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin - Investigative Aid) "Separation, divorce and unmarried parenthood seemed to be a high risk
for children/adolescents in these families for the development of suicidal behavior". (Atilla Turgay, M.D.American
Psychiatric Association's Scientific Meeting, May 1994)
TEEN PREGNANCY STATISTICS 75% of teenage pregnancies are adolescents from single parent homes (Children in need: Investment
Strategies...Committee for Economic Development) Approximately
13% of all babies born in the U.S. are born to adolescent mothers, with one million teens becoming pregnant each year. Explanations
for teen pregnancy include the break-up of the American home and parental loss. (University of Kentucky, Departments
of Psychiatry, Ob/Gyn and Psychology)
FAMILY
TYPES Traditional Single Parent Due To Divorce, Death, Abandonment Or Mother Never Married Step Family Blended Family Foster
Family
DEATH STATISTICS In the U.S., 8 million people suffered through
the death of someone in their immediate family last year; 800,000 new widows and widowers; 400,000 people under 25 suffered
from the death of a loved one (National Mental Health Association) 1.2 million children will lose a parent to death before age 15 (Dr. Elizabeth Weller, Dir. Ohio
State University Hospitals, 1991) In 1980, about
23 babies were born to every 1,000 women age 35 to 44, according to federal statistics; in 1996, the rate had risen to 42
per 1,000. Similarly, about 60 babies were born to every 1,000 men that age in 1980; by 1996, that number increased more
than 20%. Mortality rates for adults in their 40s and 50s in the past two decades have risen dramatically making it more
likely that younger children will experience the death of a parent, or a classmate's parent. "Kids are encountering
death more often and at a younger age - it's just inevitable" says Gerald Koocher, chief of psychology at Boston's
Children's Hospital. (Wall Street Journal, Early Grief Article, February 18, 1999) Currently, 1.9 million youngsters under age 18 (or more than 2 percent of American children)
have lost one or both parents. (U. S. Social Security Administration, as reported in the Chicago Tribune Magazine, 7-18-99) A parent's death usually makes a severe impact on a child, research shows. After losing a parent, 85% of children
exhibit such symptoms as difficulty sleeping, angry outbursts, worry, depression, bed-wetting, and thumb-sucking. After
a year, more regressive behaviors may fade, but other problems, such as lack of confidence and preoccupation with illness,
are likely to continue. CRIME STATISTICS
"Gang recruitment is a powerful lure for the products of broken homes
and single-parent households" as gang members are likely to "receive little guidance or attention from family
members at home." (Chicago Crime Commission Report,1995)
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